Judicial Protection for a Religious Minority in Indonesia under the Shadow of the Blasphemy Law

The case of Tajul Muluk in Indonesia illustrates the problems of judicial protection for a religious minority when dealing with a blasphemy case. When applying blasphemy law in cases involving a religious minority, the court uses the exclusionary standard to examine the validity of the religion belonging to the minority group. As a consequence, however, this application becomes prejudicial by undermining religious minorities ™ equality to enjoy religious freedom and rendering their rights vulnerable to discriminatory legal norms.